1543 – 1594The frontier arrives, and the fortresses answerHranica sa prisúva, odpoveďou sú pevnosti
SlovakiaSlovensko
The war frontier kept moving north. Esztergom, the seat of the kingdom's archbishop, fell in 1543, and the archbishop's chapter moved across the Danube to Trnava — one reason Trnava is still called the Slovak Rome. In 1554 the Ottomans took Fiľakovo and made it the seat of a sanjak, an Ottoman province with a governor, a garrison and a tax office, and held it for thirty-nine years until imperial troops recovered it in 1593; villages in a wide band along the frontier paid taxes to both sides and hoped neither would burn them. The Habsburg answer was a new kind of fortress, low, wide and built to absorb cannon fire: the six-pointed star of Nové Zámky, begun in 1573, and the rebuilt works at Komárno, which never fell — in 1594 it held out against an Ottoman army said to have numbered a hundred thousand.Vojnová hranica sa stále posúvala na sever. Roku 1543 padol Ostrihom, sídlo uhorského arcibiskupa, a arcibiskupská kapitula sa presťahovala cez Dunaj do Trnavy — aj preto sa Trnave dodnes hovorí slovenský Rím. Roku 1554 obsadili Osmani Fiľakovo a spravili z neho sídlo sandžaku, čiže osmanskej provincie so správcom, posádkou a výberom daní; držali ho tridsaťdeväť rokov, kým ho roku 1593 nedobylo späť cisárske vojsko. Dediny v širokom páse pozdĺž hranice odvádzali dane obom stranám a dúfali, že ich nevypáli ani jedna. Habsburgovci odpovedali novým typom pevnosti — nízkej, širokej a stavanej tak, aby vydržala delostreľbu: hviezdou šiestich bastiónov v Nových Zámkoch, ktorú začali stavať roku 1573, a prestavaným Komárnom, ktoré nepadlo nikdy — roku 1594 odolalo osmanskému vojsku, o ktorom sa hovorilo, že ich bolo stotisíc.
The frontier arrives, and the fortresses answerHranica sa prisúva, odpoveďou sú pevnosti
ReferencesZdroje
Where this came fromOdkiaľ to pochádza
Sources consulted while researching this page. Follow them to read further — and to check us.Zdroje, z ktorých sme pri príprave tejto stránky vychádzali. Kliknite a čítajte ďalej — aj si nás overte.
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