11th – 12th centuryCounties, castles of earth, and a duchy at NitraStolice, hradiská z hliny a nitrianske kniežatstvo
SlovakiaSlovensko
The new kingdom was organised into counties — stolice or župy in Slovak, comitatus in the Latin the clerks wrote. Each was run from a fortified seat by an official the king appointed, who collected his taxes and led his soldiers. Those early castles were not the stone ruins tourists climb today; they were ramparts of earth and timber, usually on hills people had been fortifying for centuries. Nitra kept a special status: through the eleventh century and into the twelfth it was the seat of a duchy, roughly a third of the kingdom handed to the king's younger brother or son to govern, and more than one duke used it as a springboard at the throne. There was no unit called Slovakia and no border where one runs now — the counties simply reached from the Danube up into the mountains.Nové kráľovstvo sa členilo na stolice — po slovensky aj župy, v latinčine pisárov komitáty. Na čele každej stál kráľom menovaný úradník, ktorý sídlil na opevnenom hrade, vyberal dane a viedol vojsko. Tieto najstaršie hrady neboli kamenné zrúcaniny, po ktorých sa dnes štverajú turisti — boli to valy z hliny a dreva, spravidla na kopcoch, ktoré ľudia opevňovali už stáročia predtým. Nitra si udržala osobitné postavenie: v 11. a začiatkom 12. storočia bola sídlom údelného kniežatstva, teda asi tretiny krajiny, ktorú kráľ dával spravovať mladšiemu bratovi alebo synovi — a nejedno údelné knieža si z nej urobilo odrazový mostík k trónu. Nijaká jednotka menom Slovensko neexistovala a hranica tam, kade beží dnes, tiež nie: stolice jednoducho siahali od Dunaja hore do hôr.
Counties, castles of earth, and a duchy at NitraStolice, hradiská z hliny a nitrianske kniežatstvo
ReferencesZdroje
Where this came fromOdkiaľ to pochádza
Sources consulted while researching this page. Follow them to read further — and to check us.Zdroje, z ktorých sme pri príprave tejto stránky vychádzali. Kliknite a čítajte ďalej — aj si nás overte.
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